The Juniper EX switch must be configured to implement cryptographic mechanisms using a FIPS 140-2 approved algorithm to protect the confidentiality of remote maintenance sessions.

Overview

Finding ID	Version	Rule ID	IA Controls	Severity
V-253929	JUEX-NM-000520	SV-253929r961557_rule		High

Description
This requires the use of secure protocols instead of their unsecured counterparts, such as SSH instead of telnet, SCP instead of FTP, and HTTPS instead of HTTP. If unsecured protocols (lacking cryptographic mechanisms) are used for sessions, the contents of those sessions will be susceptible to eavesdropping, potentially putting sensitive data (including administrator passwords) at risk of compromise and potentially allowing hijacking of maintenance sessions. Use only CTR cipher block chaining modes in compliance with CVE-2008-5161, plugin 70658 based on vendor guidance in KB20853. This prevents certain plaintext attacks in OpenSSH.

Description

This requires the use of secure protocols instead of their unsecured counterparts, such as SSH instead of telnet, SCP instead of FTP, and HTTPS instead of HTTP. If unsecured protocols (lacking cryptographic mechanisms) are used for sessions, the contents of those sessions will be susceptible to eavesdropping, potentially putting sensitive data (including administrator passwords) at risk of compromise and potentially allowing hijacking of maintenance sessions. Use only CTR cipher block chaining modes in compliance with CVE-2008-5161, plugin 70658 based on vendor guidance in KB20853. This prevents certain plaintext attacks in OpenSSH.

STIG	Date
Juniper EX Series Switches Network Device Management Security Technical Implementation Guide	2024-06-20

Details

Check Text ( C-57381r944352_chk )
Review the network device configuration to determine if cryptographic mechanisms are implemented using a FIPS 140-2 approved algorithm to protect the confidentiality of remote maintenance sessions. If using SNMPv3, verify (minimally) that authentication-sha is configured. Juniper devices also support authentication-sha224/256/384/512. Verify the strongest mutually supported HMAC between the network device and the Network Management Server (NMS) is configured. [edit system snmp] v3 { usm { local-engine { user { authentication-sha { authentication-key "PSK"; ## SECRET-DATA } } } } } Verify SSHv2 is configured for protocol V2 only, ciphers [ aes256-ctr aes192-ctr aes128-ctr ], key-exchange [ ecdh-sha2-nistp521 ecdh-sha2-nistp384 ecdh-sha2-nistp256 ], and macs [ hmac-sha2-512 hmac-sha2-256 ]. [edit system services ssh] : protocol-version v2; ciphers [ aes256-ctr aes192-ctr aes128-ctr ]; macs [ hmac-sha2-512 hmac-sha2-256 ]; key-exchange [ ecdh-sha2-nistp521 ecdh-sha2-nistp384 ecdh-sha2-nistp256 ]; If the network device is not configured to implement cryptographic mechanisms to protect the confidentiality of remote maintenance sessions using a FIPS 140-2 approved algorithm, this is a finding.

Check Text ( C-57381r944352_chk )

Review the network device configuration to determine if cryptographic mechanisms are implemented using a FIPS 140-2 approved algorithm to protect the confidentiality of remote maintenance sessions.

If using SNMPv3, verify (minimally) that authentication-sha is configured. Juniper devices also support authentication-sha224/256/384/512. Verify the strongest mutually supported HMAC between the network device and the Network Management Server (NMS) is configured.
[edit system snmp]
v3 {
usm {
local-engine {
user {
authentication-sha {
authentication-key "PSK"; ## SECRET-DATA
}
}
}
}
}

Verify SSHv2 is configured for protocol V2 only, ciphers [ aes256-ctr aes192-ctr aes128-ctr ], key-exchange [ ecdh-sha2-nistp521 ecdh-sha2-nistp384 ecdh-sha2-nistp256 ], and macs [ hmac-sha2-512 hmac-sha2-256 ].
[edit system services ssh]
:
protocol-version v2;
ciphers [ aes256-ctr aes192-ctr aes128-ctr ];
macs [ hmac-sha2-512 hmac-sha2-256 ];
key-exchange [ ecdh-sha2-nistp521 ecdh-sha2-nistp384 ecdh-sha2-nistp256 ];

If the network device is not configured to implement cryptographic mechanisms to protect the confidentiality of remote maintenance sessions using a FIPS 140-2 approved algorithm, this is a finding.

Fix Text (F-57332r944353_fix)
Configure the network device to implement cryptographic mechanisms to protect the confidentiality of remote maintenance sessions using a FIPS 140-2 approved algorithm. set snmp v3 usm local-engine user authentication-sha authentication-password "PSK" set snmp v3 usm local-engine user privacy-aes128 privacy-password "PSK" Note: Use the strongest HMAC mutually supported with the NMS (e.g., authentication-sha256, authentication-sha512) set system services ssh protocol-version v2 set system services ssh ciphers aes256-ctr set system services ssh ciphers aes192-ctr set system services ssh ciphers aes128-ctr set system services ssh macs hmac-sha2-512 set system services ssh macs hmac-sha2-256 set system services ssh key-exchange ecdh-sha2-nistp521 set system services ssh key-exchange ecdh-sha2-nistp384 set system services ssh key-exchange ecdh-sha2-nistp256

Fix Text (F-57332r944353_fix)

Configure the network device to implement cryptographic mechanisms to protect the confidentiality of remote maintenance sessions using a FIPS 140-2 approved algorithm.

set snmp v3 usm local-engine user authentication-sha authentication-password "PSK"
set snmp v3 usm local-engine user privacy-aes128 privacy-password "PSK"
Note: Use the strongest HMAC mutually supported with the NMS (e.g., authentication-sha256, authentication-sha512)

set system services ssh protocol-version v2
set system services ssh ciphers aes256-ctr
set system services ssh ciphers aes192-ctr
set system services ssh ciphers aes128-ctr
set system services ssh macs hmac-sha2-512
set system services ssh macs hmac-sha2-256
set system services ssh key-exchange ecdh-sha2-nistp521
set system services ssh key-exchange ecdh-sha2-nistp384
set system services ssh key-exchange ecdh-sha2-nistp256